postgres-patterns
Sorgu optimizasyonu, şema tasarımı, indeksleme ve güvenlik için PostgreSQL veritabanı kalıpları. Supabase en iyi uygulamalarına dayanır.
- License 许可
- MIT
- 最近更新
- 2026-11-10
- Stars
- ★ 1
- Forks
- 0
01 前言 Front Matter
- name
- postgres-patterns
- origin
- ECC
- description
- Sorgu optimizasyonu, şema tasarımı, indeksleme ve güvenlik için PostgreSQL veritabanı kalıpları. Supabase en iyi uygulamalarına dayanır.
03 SKILL.md 正文
PostgreSQL Kalıpları
PostgreSQL en iyi uygulamaları için hızlı referans. Detaylı kılavuz için database-reviewer agent'ını kullanın.
Ne Zaman Aktifleştirmeli
- SQL sorguları veya migration'lar yazarken
- Veritabanı şemaları tasarlarken
- Yavaş sorguları troubleshoot ederken
- Row Level Security uygularken
- Connection pooling kurarken
Hızlı Referans
İndeks Hile Sayfası
| Sorgu Kalıbı | İndeks Tipi | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
WHERE col = value |
B-tree (varsayılan) | CREATE INDEX idx ON t (col) |
WHERE col > value |
B-tree | CREATE INDEX idx ON t (col) |
WHERE a = x AND b > y |
Composite | CREATE INDEX idx ON t (a, b) |
WHERE jsonb @> '{}' |
GIN | CREATE INDEX idx ON t USING gin (col) |
WHERE tsv @@ query |
GIN | CREATE INDEX idx ON t USING gin (col) |
| Zaman serisi aralıkları | BRIN | CREATE INDEX idx ON t USING brin (col) |
Veri Tipi Hızlı Referans
| Kullanım Senaryosu | Doğru Tip | Kaçın |
|---|---|---|
| ID'ler | bigint |
int, rastgele UUID |
| String'ler | text |
varchar(255) |
| Timestamp'ler | timestamptz |
timestamp |
| Para | numeric(10,2) |
float |
| Flag'ler | boolean |
varchar, int |
Yaygın Kalıplar
Composite İndeks Sırası:
-- Önce eşitlik sütunları, sonra aralık sütunları
CREATE INDEX idx ON orders (status, created_at);
-- Şunlar için çalışır: WHERE status = 'pending' AND created_at > '2024-01-01'
Covering İndeks:
CREATE INDEX idx ON users (email) INCLUDE (name, created_at);
-- SELECT email, name, created_at için tablo aramasını önler
Partial İndeks:
CREATE INDEX idx ON users (email) WHERE deleted_at IS NULL;
-- Daha küçük indeks, sadece aktif kullanıcıları içerir
RLS Policy (Optimize Edilmiş):
CREATE POLICY policy ON orders
USING ((SELECT auth.uid()) = user_id); -- SELECT'e sar!
UPSERT:
INSERT INTO settings (user_id, key, value)
VALUES (123, 'theme', 'dark')
ON CONFLICT (user_id, key)
DO UPDATE SET value = EXCLUDED.value;
Cursor Sayfalama:
SELECT * FROM products WHERE id > $last_id ORDER BY id LIMIT 20;
-- O(1) vs O(n) olan OFFSET
Kuyruk İşleme:
UPDATE jobs SET status = 'processing'
WHERE id = (
SELECT id FROM jobs WHERE status = 'pending'
ORDER BY created_at LIMIT 1
FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED
) RETURNING *;
Anti-Kalıp Tespiti
-- İndekslenmemiş foreign key'leri bul
SELECT conrelid::regclass, a.attname
FROM pg_constraint c
JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = c.conrelid AND a.attnum = ANY(c.conkey)
WHERE c.contype = 'f'
AND NOT EXISTS (
SELECT 1 FROM pg_index i
WHERE i.indrelid = c.conrelid AND a.attnum = ANY(i.indkey)
);
-- Yavaş sorguları bul
SELECT query, mean_exec_time, calls
FROM pg_stat_statements
WHERE mean_exec_time > 100
ORDER BY mean_exec_time DESC;
-- Tablo bloat'ını kontrol et
SELECT relname, n_dead_tup, last_vacuum
FROM pg_stat_user_tables
WHERE n_dead_tup > 1000
ORDER BY n_dead_tup DESC;
Yapılandırma Şablonu
-- Bağlantı limitleri (RAM için ayarla)
ALTER SYSTEM SET max_connections = 100;
ALTER SYSTEM SET work_mem = '8MB';
-- Timeout'lar
ALTER SYSTEM SET idle_in_transaction_session_timeout = '30s';
ALTER SYSTEM SET statement_timeout = '30s';
-- İzleme
CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pg_stat_statements;
-- Güvenlik varsayılanları
REVOKE ALL ON SCHEMA public FROM public;
SELECT pg_reload_conf();
İlgili
- Agent:
database-reviewer- Tam veritabanı inceleme iş akışı - Skill:
clickhouse-io- ClickHouse analytics kalıpları - Skill:
backend-patterns- API ve backend kalıpları
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