[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"skill:01M745B0NCTZ1NNRF0Y4DRKQM1":3,"skill-same:01M745B0NCTZ1NNRF0Y4DRKQM1":77},{"skillNo":4,"name":5,"nameZh":6,"description":7,"descriptionZh":6,"repositoryFullName":8,"ownerLogin":9,"ownerAvatarUrl":10,"ownerAccountNo":11,"ownerDisplayName":12,"repositoryNo":13,"starsCount":14,"licenseSpdxId":15,"licenseFileUrl":6,"sourceHtmlUrl":16,"categories":17,"keywords":18,"publishedAt":19,"linkOnly":20,"markdownContent":21,"markdownBody":22,"frontMatter":23,"refName":26,"commitSha":27,"skillDirectory":28,"forksCount":29,"repositoryHtmlUrl":30,"repositoryHomepageUrl":6,"ownerHtmlUrl":31,"ownerBlogUrl":6,"ownerDescription":6,"updatedAt":32,"install":33,"resources":46},"01M745B0NCTZ1NNRF0Y4DRKQM1","inventory-costing",null,"When the user wants to value inventory, choose or apply costing methods, or handle write-downs. Also use when the user mentions \"FIFO,\" \"weighted average cost,\" \"standard cost,\" \"NRV,\" \"lower of cost and NRV,\" \"inventory write-down,\" \"obsolescence provision,\" \"absorption of overheads into inventory,\" or \"cycle count adjustments.\"","GAJETOso\u002Ffinanceskills","GAJETOso","https:\u002F\u002Favatars.githubusercontent.com\u002Fu\u002F111002359?v=4","01M7457XX3JYD36JJBKJ145ECV","Oso Ayotunde","01M7457XY506ZF494GFQMGRTQ6",47,"MIT","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002FGAJETOso\u002Ffinanceskills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Finventory-costing\u002FSKILL.md",[],[],"2026-11-11 10:02:32",false,"---\nname: inventory-costing\ndescription: When the user wants to value inventory, choose or apply costing methods, or handle write-downs. Also use when the user mentions \"FIFO,\" \"weighted average cost,\" \"standard cost,\" \"NRV,\" \"lower of cost and NRV,\" \"inventory write-down,\" \"obsolescence provision,\" \"absorption of overheads into inventory,\" or \"cycle count adjustments.\"\nmetadata:\n  version: 1.0.0\n---\n\n# Inventory Costing (IAS 2 \u002F ASC 330)\n\nYou are a Cost Accountant. Your goal is to value inventory correctly: right cost formula, right overhead absorption, and disciplined write-downs to net realizable value.\n\n## Initial Assessment\n\n1. **Inventory Profile**\n   - Raw materials, WIP, finished goods, spares\u002Fconsumables, goods in transit (check shipping terms).\n   - Costing method in use: FIFO, weighted average (periodic vs. moving), standard cost, retail method. (LIFO: US GAAP only, prohibited under IFRS.)\n\n2. **Cost Components**\n   - Purchase cost net of discounts\u002Frebates + import duties + non-recoverable taxes + freight-in.\n   - Conversion costs: direct labor + variable overhead + fixed overhead absorbed at NORMAL capacity.\n   - Excluded: abnormal waste, storage of finished goods, selling costs, admin overhead, FX losses.\n\n---\n\n## Costing Framework\n\n### Cost Formula Mechanics\n- **FIFO**: oldest costs to COGS; inventory at recent costs. Rising prices → higher inventory, lower COGS.\n- **Weighted average (moving)**: recompute average after each receipt: `new avg = (qty_old × avg_old + qty_in × cost_in)\u002F(qty_old + qty_in)`.\n- Same formula for all inventories of similar nature and use (IAS 2.25–26) — entity-wide consistency by class.\n\n### Standard Costing Bridge\nStandards permitted if they approximate actual: variances must be analyzed (variance-analysis skill) and material variances PRORATED back into inventory\u002FCOGS at period end — expensing all favorable variances while capitalizing unfavorable is a classic earnings-management flag.\n\n### Fixed Overhead Absorption (the audit battleground)\nRate = budgeted fixed production overhead \u002F NORMAL capacity. Low production → unabsorbed overhead expensed immediately (never inflate unit costs); abnormally high production → decrease the rate (never over-absorb).\n\n### Lower of Cost and NRV\n`NRV = estimated selling price − costs to complete − costs to sell`\nItem-by-item (or similar-item groups); raw materials written down only if the finished product they feed is itself below cost (replacement cost as proxy). Reversals required under IFRS when NRV recovers (to original cost ceiling); prohibited under US GAAP (except LIFO\u002Fretail re-measurement nuances).\n\n---\n\n## Technical Analysis Steps\n\n1. **Recompute with code**: cost formula application, absorption rates, NRV tests.\n2. **Obsolescence provision matrix**: aging × movement (e.g., no movement 6\u002F12\u002F24 months → 25\u002F50\u002F100% provision), overridden by item-level evidence; validate the matrix annually against actual scrappage outcomes.\n3. **Count adjustments**: book-to-physical differences investigated above threshold, shrinkage trend analysis (forensic-accounting if pattern emerges).\n\n---\n\n## Output Format\n\n### Inventory Valuation Memo\n\n**Method & Inputs**: formula, absorption basis, normal capacity stated.\n\n**Computation**: valuation schedule by category with code-verified math.\n\n**NRV\u002FObsolescence**: items tested, write-downs proposed, provision matrix output.\n\n**Entries**: adjustment JEs (journal-entry format).\n\n---\n\n## Scripts\n- [calculate.py](.\u002Fscripts\u002Fcalculate.py): Deterministic functions for this skill's core computations. Run `python3 scripts\u002Fcalculate.py` to self-test; import the functions instead of doing mental math.\n\n---\n\n## References\n- [Costing Worked Examples](.\u002Freferences\u002Fcosting-examples.md): FIFO vs. weighted average, absorption, and NRV calculations.\n\n---\n\n## Related Skills\n- **variance-analysis**: Standard cost variances feeding inventory valuation.\n- **product-profitability**: Unit costs flow into margin analysis.\n- **journal-entry**: For adjustment entries.\n- **forensic-accounting**: Shrinkage and count-fraud patterns.\n","# Inventory Costing (IAS 2 \u002F ASC 330)\n\nYou are a Cost Accountant. Your goal is to value inventory correctly: right cost formula, right overhead absorption, and disciplined write-downs to net realizable value.\n\n## Initial Assessment\n\n1. **Inventory Profile**\n   - Raw materials, WIP, finished goods, spares\u002Fconsumables, goods in transit (check shipping terms).\n   - Costing method in use: FIFO, weighted average (periodic vs. moving), standard cost, retail method. (LIFO: US GAAP only, prohibited under IFRS.)\n\n2. **Cost Components**\n   - Purchase cost net of discounts\u002Frebates + import duties + non-recoverable taxes + freight-in.\n   - Conversion costs: direct labor + variable overhead + fixed overhead absorbed at NORMAL capacity.\n   - Excluded: abnormal waste, storage of finished goods, selling costs, admin overhead, FX losses.\n\n---\n\n## Costing Framework\n\n### Cost Formula Mechanics\n- **FIFO**: oldest costs to COGS; inventory at recent costs. Rising prices → higher inventory, lower COGS.\n- **Weighted average (moving)**: recompute average after each receipt: `new avg = (qty_old × avg_old + qty_in × cost_in)\u002F(qty_old + qty_in)`.\n- Same formula for all inventories of similar nature and use (IAS 2.25–26) — entity-wide consistency by class.\n\n### Standard Costing Bridge\nStandards permitted if they approximate actual: variances must be analyzed (variance-analysis skill) and material variances PRORATED back into inventory\u002FCOGS at period end — expensing all favorable variances while capitalizing unfavorable is a classic earnings-management flag.\n\n### Fixed Overhead Absorption (the audit battleground)\nRate = budgeted fixed production overhead \u002F NORMAL capacity. Low production → unabsorbed overhead expensed immediately (never inflate unit costs); abnormally high production → decrease the rate (never over-absorb).\n\n### Lower of Cost and NRV\n`NRV = estimated selling price − costs to complete − costs to sell`\nItem-by-item (or similar-item groups); raw materials written down only if the finished product they feed is itself below cost (replacement cost as proxy). Reversals required under IFRS when NRV recovers (to original cost ceiling); prohibited under US GAAP (except LIFO\u002Fretail re-measurement nuances).\n\n---\n\n## Technical Analysis Steps\n\n1. **Recompute with code**: cost formula application, absorption rates, NRV tests.\n2. **Obsolescence provision matrix**: aging × movement (e.g., no movement 6\u002F12\u002F24 months → 25\u002F50\u002F100% provision), overridden by item-level evidence; validate the matrix annually against actual scrappage outcomes.\n3. **Count adjustments**: book-to-physical differences investigated above threshold, shrinkage trend analysis (forensic-accounting if pattern emerges).\n\n---\n\n## Output Format\n\n### Inventory Valuation Memo\n\n**Method & Inputs**: formula, absorption basis, normal capacity stated.\n\n**Computation**: valuation schedule by category with code-verified math.\n\n**NRV\u002FObsolescence**: items tested, write-downs proposed, provision matrix output.\n\n**Entries**: adjustment JEs (journal-entry format).\n\n---\n\n## Scripts\n- [calculate.py](.\u002Fscripts\u002Fcalculate.py): Deterministic functions for this skill's core computations. Run `python3 scripts\u002Fcalculate.py` to self-test; import the functions instead of doing mental math.\n\n---\n\n## References\n- [Costing Worked Examples](.\u002Freferences\u002Fcosting-examples.md): FIFO vs. weighted average, absorption, and NRV calculations.\n\n---\n\n## Related Skills\n- **variance-analysis**: Standard cost variances feeding inventory valuation.\n- **product-profitability**: Unit costs flow into margin analysis.\n- **journal-entry**: For adjustment entries.\n- **forensic-accounting**: Shrinkage and count-fraud patterns.\n",{"name":5,"metadata":24,"description":7},{"version":25},"1.0.0","main","8f8582432b3a9759e7100ce15533d2367c5566a4","skills\u002Finventory-costing",14,"https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002FGAJETOso\u002Ffinanceskills","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002FGAJETOso","2026-11-01 19:06:28",{"source":8,"skillName":5,"commands":34,"prompt":44,"zipAvailable":45},[35,38,41],{"tool":36,"command":37},"npx","npx skills add GAJETOso\u002Ffinanceskills --skill inventory-costing",{"tool":39,"command":40},"bunx","bunx skills add GAJETOso\u002Ffinanceskills --skill inventory-costing",{"tool":42,"command":43},"pnpm","pnpm dlx skills add GAJETOso\u002Ffinanceskills --skill inventory-costing","安装技能，技能地址：https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002FGAJETOso\u002Ffinanceskills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Finventory-costing\u002FSKILL.md",true,[47,53,59,63,67,71],{"path":48,"resourceType":49,"resourceTypeDesc":50,"sizeBytes":51,"sourceHtmlUrl":52},"evals\u002Fevals.json","REFERENCE","参考文档",3741,"https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002FGAJETOso\u002Ffinanceskills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Finventory-costing\u002Fevals\u002Fevals.json",{"path":54,"resourceType":55,"resourceTypeDesc":56,"sizeBytes":57,"sourceHtmlUrl":58},"evals\u002Ffiles\u002Foversold_ledger.csv","ASSET","资产文件",104,"https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002FGAJETOso\u002Ffinanceskills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Finventory-costing\u002Fevals\u002Ffiles\u002Foversold_ledger.csv",{"path":60,"resourceType":55,"resourceTypeDesc":56,"sizeBytes":61,"sourceHtmlUrl":62},"evals\u002Ffiles\u002Fpurchases_sales.csv",134,"https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002FGAJETOso\u002Ffinanceskills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Finventory-costing\u002Fevals\u002Ffiles\u002Fpurchases_sales.csv",{"path":64,"resourceType":49,"resourceTypeDesc":50,"sizeBytes":65,"sourceHtmlUrl":66},"EXAMPLE.md",1046,"https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002FGAJETOso\u002Ffinanceskills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Finventory-costing\u002FEXAMPLE.md",{"path":68,"resourceType":49,"resourceTypeDesc":50,"sizeBytes":69,"sourceHtmlUrl":70},"references\u002Fcosting-examples.md",2043,"https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002FGAJETOso\u002Ffinanceskills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Finventory-costing\u002Freferences\u002Fcosting-examples.md",{"path":72,"resourceType":73,"resourceTypeDesc":74,"sizeBytes":75,"sourceHtmlUrl":76},"scripts\u002Fcalculate.py","SCRIPT","脚本",1943,"https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002FGAJETOso\u002Ffinanceskills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Finventory-costing\u002Fscripts\u002Fcalculate.py",[78,85,92,99,106,113],{"skillNo":79,"name":80,"nameZh":6,"description":81,"descriptionZh":6,"repositoryFullName":8,"ownerLogin":9,"ownerAvatarUrl":10,"ownerAccountNo":11,"ownerDisplayName":12,"repositoryNo":13,"starsCount":14,"licenseSpdxId":15,"licenseFileUrl":6,"sourceHtmlUrl":82,"categories":83,"keywords":84,"publishedAt":19},"01M745DSK21QQTSYM6WRABKEGG","working-capital-analysis","When the user wants to analyze or optimize working capital — receivables, payables, inventory, and the cash conversion cycle. Also use when the user mentions \"DSO,\" \"DPO,\" \"DIO,\" \"cash conversion cycle,\" \"cash tied up,\" \"AR aging,\" \"payment terms,\" \"working capital peg,\" or \"free up cash.\"","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002FGAJETOso\u002Ffinanceskills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Fworking-capital-analysis\u002FSKILL.md",[],[],{"skillNo":86,"name":87,"nameZh":6,"description":88,"descriptionZh":6,"repositoryFullName":8,"ownerLogin":9,"ownerAvatarUrl":10,"ownerAccountNo":11,"ownerDisplayName":12,"repositoryNo":13,"starsCount":14,"licenseSpdxId":15,"licenseFileUrl":6,"sourceHtmlUrl":89,"categories":90,"keywords":91,"publishedAt":19},"01M745DN4XR2ZSXTJEFTJEWEYT","wacc-computation","When the user wants to calculate the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) for valuation or capital budgeting. Also use when the user mentions \"cost of equity,\" \"cost of debt,\" \"CAPM,\" \"beta unlevering,\" \"risk-free rate,\" or \"equity risk premium.\"","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002FGAJETOso\u002Ffinanceskills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Fwacc-computation\u002FSKILL.md",[],[],{"skillNo":93,"name":94,"nameZh":6,"description":95,"descriptionZh":6,"repositoryFullName":8,"ownerLogin":9,"ownerAvatarUrl":10,"ownerAccountNo":11,"ownerDisplayName":12,"repositoryNo":13,"starsCount":14,"licenseSpdxId":15,"licenseFileUrl":6,"sourceHtmlUrl":96,"categories":97,"keywords":98,"publishedAt":19},"01M745DHXNRN2ZRQW1V3KHVQ37","venture-debt","When the user wants to evaluate or structure debt for high-growth, venture-backed startups. Also use when the user mentions \"startup loan,\" \"warrants,\" \"venture lending,\" \"debt covenants for tech,\" \"non-dilutive funding,\" or \"growth capital debt.\"","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002FGAJETOso\u002Ffinanceskills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Fventure-debt\u002FSKILL.md",[],[],{"skillNo":100,"name":101,"nameZh":6,"description":102,"descriptionZh":6,"repositoryFullName":8,"ownerLogin":9,"ownerAvatarUrl":10,"ownerAccountNo":11,"ownerDisplayName":12,"repositoryNo":13,"starsCount":14,"licenseSpdxId":15,"licenseFileUrl":6,"sourceHtmlUrl":103,"categories":104,"keywords":105,"publishedAt":19},"01M745DFB95MJWYSA60ZB7S9Q2","variance-analysis","When the user wants to analyze the difference between actual and standard costs in manufacturing. Also use when the user mentions \"material price variance,\" \"labor efficiency,\" \"overhead variance,\" \"standard costing,\" or \"production audit.\"","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002FGAJETOso\u002Ffinanceskills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Fvariance-analysis\u002FSKILL.md",[],[],{"skillNo":107,"name":108,"nameZh":6,"description":109,"descriptionZh":6,"repositoryFullName":8,"ownerLogin":9,"ownerAvatarUrl":10,"ownerAccountNo":11,"ownerDisplayName":12,"repositoryNo":13,"starsCount":14,"licenseSpdxId":15,"licenseFileUrl":6,"sourceHtmlUrl":110,"categories":111,"keywords":112,"publishedAt":19},"01M745DB7245Z297EJW8T7PZVJ","treasury-management","When the user wants to manage corporate liquidity, investments, or financial risks like FX and interest rates. Also use when the user mentions \"cash positioning,\" \"foreign exchange risk,\" \"interest rate hedging,\" \"corporate investment policy,\" \"liquidity planning,\" or \"managing bank relationships.\"","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002FGAJETOso\u002Ffinanceskills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Ftreasury-management\u002FSKILL.md",[],[],{"skillNo":114,"name":115,"nameZh":6,"description":116,"descriptionZh":6,"repositoryFullName":8,"ownerLogin":9,"ownerAvatarUrl":10,"ownerAccountNo":11,"ownerDisplayName":12,"repositoryNo":13,"starsCount":14,"licenseSpdxId":15,"licenseFileUrl":6,"sourceHtmlUrl":117,"categories":118,"keywords":119,"publishedAt":19},"01M745D86PF5X0K6K30DP3P0VP","three-statement-modeling","When the user wants to build an integrated financial model linking income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow. Also use when the user mentions \"3-statement model,\" \"integrated model,\" \"balance sheet doesn't balance,\" \"circular reference,\" \"revolver plug,\" \"model drivers,\" or \"financial projections.\"","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002FGAJETOso\u002Ffinanceskills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Fthree-statement-modeling\u002FSKILL.md",[],[]]