sap-fi

FI Analyst Context — Financial Accounting

Load this skill when activating the FI Analyst role. Provides deep domain knowledge for journal entries, account determination, and financial reporting.

Process Flow

FI Document Sources:
  ├── SD: VF01 Billing → FI Automatic Posting (VKOA Account Determination)
  ├── MM: MIGO GR/MIRO Invoice → FI Automatic Posting (OBYC Account Determination)
  ├── CO: Cost Allocation → FI Integrated Posting (ACDOCA)
  └── FI Direct: FB01/FB50/FB60/FB70

Closing Process:
  F.05 (Foreign Currency Valuation) → F-03 (Account Clearing) → F.07 (Balance Carryforward)

• Document Type: SA (G/L), KR (Vendor Invoice), DR (Customer Invoice), ZP (Payment)
• Account Type: S (G/L), K (Vendor), D (Customer), A (Asset)

Key Table Relationships

BKPF (FI Document Header)
  └─► BSEG (FI Document Line Item)
        ├─► SKA1 (G/L Account Master)
        ├─► LFA1 (Vendor Master) ← BSEG.LIFNR
        └─► KNA1 (Customer Master) ← BSEG.KUNNR

ACDOCA (Universal Journal — S/4HANA)
  ├── Integration of all accounting areas (FI + CO + AA + ML)
  └─► BKPF (Back-reference to Document Header)

FAGLFLEXT (G/L Account Balance — New GL)
SKB1 (G/L Account Master — Company Code level)

Common Query Patterns

-- Document History Search for Specific Account
SELECT a~bukrs, a~belnr, a~budat, a~blart, b~hkont, b~dmbtr, b~shkzg
  FROM bkpf AS a JOIN bseg AS b ON a~bukrs = b~bukrs AND a~belnr = b~belnr AND a~gjahr = b~gjahr
  WHERE b~hkont = '<GL_ACCOUNT>' AND a~budat >= '20260101' AND a~budat <= '20260531'
  ORDER BY a~budat DESCENDING

-- Open Vendor Items (AP)
SELECT bukrs, belnr, budat, lifnr, dmbtr, waers, zfbdt, zterm
  FROM bseg
  WHERE koart = 'K' AND augbl = ' ' AND gjahr = '2026'
  ORDER BY zfbdt ASCENDING

-- Universal Journal Cost-Revenue Combination (S/4HANA)
SELECT rbukrs, racct, kostl, prctr, ksl, rhcur, budat
  FROM acdoca
  WHERE rbukrs = '1000' AND budat >= '20260501' AND budat <= '20260531'
  ORDER BY budat DESCENDING

-- G/L Account Balance (New GL)
SELECT rldnr, rbukrs, racct, ryear, drcrk, tslvt, tsl01, tsl02
  FROM faglflext
  WHERE rbukrs = '1000' AND ryear = '2026' AND racct = '<GL_ACCOUNT>'

Key Field Notes

Table	Field	Description
BKPF	BLART	Document Type (SA, KR, DR, etc.)
BKPF	STBLG	Reversal Document Number (Original doc during reversal)
BSEG	SHKZG	Debit/Credit: S=Debit, H=Credit
BSEG	AUGBL	Clearing Document Number (When open items are cleared)
BSEG	ZFBDT	Baseline Date (For payment due date calculation)
ACDOCA	DRCRK	Debit/Credit: S=Debit, H=Credit
ACDOCA	KSL	Amount in Document Currency

Account Determination

Source	Table	Conditions
SD Billing	VKOA	Account Determination Procedure, Account Key (ERL, ERS, MWS, etc.)
MM GR	T030 / OBYC	Transaction Key (BSX=Inventory, WRX=GR/IR, PRD=Price Difference)
MM Invoice	T030	Transaction Key (KBS=Account Assignment, WRX Clearing)
Asset	ANKL	G/L Accounts by Asset Class

SAP Quirks & Known Issues

• BSEG Cluster Table: Direct JOIN performance is poor — use views BSID (Open Customer), BSAD (Cleared Customer), BSIS (Open G/L), BSAS (Cleared G/L) for better efficiency.
• New GL vs Classic GL: New GL (FAGLFLEXT) and Classic GL (GLT0) can coexist — verify system settings.
• S/4HANA ACDOCA: All subledgers integrated into ACDOCA — BSEG maintained for compatibility.
• Foreign Currency Valuation: Watch for difference between BSEG.DMBTR (Local Currency) and BSEG.WRBTR (Document Currency).
• Reversal: BKPF.STBLG ≠ 0 indicates a reversal document — analyze in pair with original.

Standard Customizing Tables

Table	Purpose
T001	Company Code
T009	Fiscal Year Variant
T004	Chart of Accounts
T043T	Payment Terms Text
TZUN	Tax Code
T001G	Company Code Groups

Strategic BAPIs & APIs

Accounting Document Posting

BAPI: BAPI_ACC_DOCUMENT_POST

• DOCUMENTHEADER: OBJ_TYPE, OBJ_KEY, BUS_ACT (RFBU=G/L posting), USERNAME, COMP_CODE, DOC_DATE, PSTNG_DATE, HEADER_TXT
• ACCOUNTGL: ITEMNO_ACC, GL_ACCOUNT, COMP_CODE, ITEM_TEXT, AMT_DOCCUR, DEBIT_CRED
• ACCOUNTRECEIVABLE: ITEMNO_ACC, CUSTOMER, ITEM_TEXT, PMNT_BLOCK
• ACCOUNTPAYABLE: ITEMNO_ACC, VENDOR, ITEM_TEXT, PMNT_BLOCK
• CURRENCYAMOUNT: ITEMNO_ACC, CURRENCY, AMT_DOCCUR, AMT_BASE
• Note: commit with BAPI_TRANSACTION_COMMIT; always check RETURN for TYPE = 'E'

Document Simulation

BAPI: BAPI_ACC_DOCUMENT_CHECK

• Identical interface to BAPI_ACC_DOCUMENT_POST — use for dry-run validation before actual posting.
• RETURN: Returns errors without creating a document — no commit needed.

Document Reversal

BAPI: BAPI_ACC_DOCUMENT_REV_POST

• DOCUMENTHEADER: OBJ_TYPE, OBJ_KEY, BUS_ACT (RFBU), USERNAME, COMP_CODE
• REVERSAL: BELNR (Document to reverse), BUKRS, GJAHR, STGRD (Reversal Reason), STODT (Reversal Date)
• RETURN: Standard BAPI return — commit with BAPI_TRANSACTION_COMMIT
• Note: Creates a mirror document with reversed debit/credit signs; BKPF.STBLG links the pair

Incoming Invoice (MIRO equivalent)

BAPI: BAPI_INCOMINGINVOICE_CREATE

• HEADERDATA: INVOICE_IND (X=Invoice, space=Credit Memo), DOC_DATE, PSTNG_DATE, COMP_CODE, CURRENCY, GROSS_AMOUNT, CALC_TAX_IND
• ITEMDATA: INVOICE_DOC_ITEM, PO_NUMBER, PO_ITEM, QUANTITY, PO_UNIT, ITEM_AMOUNT
• RETURN: Standard BAPI return — check TYPE = 'E'; commit with BAPI_TRANSACTION_COMMIT

Context

This skill provides the FI Analyst with comprehensive domain knowledge for the Financial Accounting module in SAP. It is loaded when the active task involves journal entries, G/L account management, accounts payable/receivable, financial reporting, or period-end closing. The skill covers document posting flows, integration with SD/MM/CO, and standard BAPIs for financial operations.

When to Use

• Creating or analyzing FI document postings (FB01/FB50/FB60/FB70)
• Working with G/L account balances, open item clearing, or financial statements
• Investigating accounts payable or accounts receivable line items
• Handling foreign currency valuation or period-end closing processes
• Reviewing SD or MM integration postings (automatic FI postings via VKOA/OBYC)
• Building queries against FI tables (BKPF, BSEG, ACDOCA, FAGLFLEXT)

Execution Steps

1. Review the Process Flow section to understand FI document sources (SD, MM, CO, direct) and the closing process.
2. Query key tables using the Key Table Relationships section — prefer BSID/BSAD/BSIS/BSAS views over direct BSEG joins for performance.
3. Apply Common Query Patterns as starting templates — adjust for New GL vs Classic GL and S/4HANA ACDOCA availability.
4. Check Account Determination tables (VKOA, T030, ANKL) when investigating automatic posting configuration.
5. Review SAP Quirks & Known Issues for BSEG cluster performance, reversal document handling, and currency amount pitfalls.
6. Leverage Strategic BAPIs & APIs for posting, simulation, reversal, or incoming invoice processing.

Output Format

Structured analysis output should include: company code, document type and date ranges, posting references (BELNR with BUKRS and GJAHR), debit/credit breakdowns, account determination mapping, and integration source tracing. Include variance highlights for reconciliation tasks.

Related Skills

• abap-dev — ABAP development patterns for FI custom programs and user exits
• sap-sd — SD billing integration to FI via VKOA account determination
• sap-mm — MM goods receipt and invoice verification integration to FI
• sap-co — Controlling integration via cost elements and ACDOCA
• post-write-chain — Post-write review and validation workflow
• performance-tuning — Query optimization for BSEG cluster tables and large FI datasets