[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"skill:01M71CYCJEPQ63RHQWMMDYC6KN":3,"skill-same:01M71CYCJEPQ63RHQWMMDYC6KN":88},{"skillNo":4,"name":5,"nameZh":6,"description":7,"descriptionZh":6,"repositoryFullName":8,"ownerLogin":9,"ownerAvatarUrl":10,"ownerAccountNo":11,"ownerDisplayName":12,"repositoryNo":13,"starsCount":14,"licenseSpdxId":15,"licenseFileUrl":6,"sourceHtmlUrl":16,"categories":17,"keywords":23,"publishedAt":44,"linkOnly":45,"markdownContent":46,"markdownBody":47,"frontMatter":48,"refName":61,"commitSha":62,"skillDirectory":63,"forksCount":14,"repositoryHtmlUrl":64,"repositoryHomepageUrl":6,"ownerHtmlUrl":65,"ownerBlogUrl":6,"ownerDescription":66,"updatedAt":67,"install":68,"resources":81},"01M71CYCJEPQ63RHQWMMDYC6KN","symmetric-aes-analyze",null,"AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) is a symmetric block cipher standardized by NIST (FIPS 197) used to protect classified and sensitive data. This skill covers implementing AES-256 encryption in GCM m","DCx7C5\u002Fai-marketplace","DCx7C5","https:\u002F\u002Favatars.githubusercontent.com\u002Fu\u002F42419559?v=4","01M71C01G2AZV3NTNGWAWSHJPP","DC","01M71C01GQW6G50S2BYMS7PP3E",0,"MIT","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002FDCx7C5\u002Fai-marketplace\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Fcrypto\u002Fsymmetric\u002Faes\u002Fanalyze\u002FSKILL.md",[18],{"categoryNo":19,"categoryName":20,"taxonomyType":21,"taxonomyTypeDesc":22},"01JBSEEDCAT000000000000033","数据分析师","PROFESSION","适用职业",[24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43],"aes","symmetric aes analyze","analyze","cryptography","grep","block","NIST","read","at","symmetric-encryption","data-at-rest","REST","cipher","standard","encryption","Bash","cybersecurity","implementing","advanced","pr","2026-11-10 10:12:30",false,"---\nname: symmetric-aes-analyze\ndescription: AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) is a symmetric block cipher standardized by NIST (FIPS 197) used to protect classified and sensitive data. This skill covers implementing AES-256 encryption in GCM m\ndomain: cybersecurity\nsubdomain: cryptography\ntags:\n- cryptography\n- encryption\n- aes\n- data-at-rest\n- symmetric-encryption\nnist_csf:\n- PR.DS-01\n- PR.DS-02\n- PR.DS-10\nmodel: sonnet\nmaxTurns: 20\ntools: [Read, Bash, Glob, Grep]\ncapec: []\n---\n\n# Implementing AES Encryption for Data at Rest\n\n## Overview\n\nAES (Advanced Encryption Standard) is a symmetric block cipher standardized by NIST (FIPS 197) used to protect classified and sensitive data. This skill covers implementing AES-256 encryption in GCM mode for encrypting files and data stores at rest, including proper key derivation, IV\u002Fnonce management, and authenticated encryption.\n\n\n## When to Use\n\n- When deploying or configuring implementing aes encryption for data at rest capabilities in your environment\n- When establishing security controls aligned to compliance requirements\n- When building or improving security architecture for this domain\n- When conducting security assessments that require this implementation\n\n## Prerequisites\n\n- Familiarity with cryptography concepts and tools\n- Access to a test or lab environment for safe execution\n- Python 3.8+ with required dependencies installed\n- Appropriate authorization for any testing activities\n\n## Objectives\n\n- Implement AES-256-GCM encryption and decryption for files\n- Derive encryption keys from passwords using PBKDF2 and Argon2\n- Manage initialization vectors (IVs) and nonces securely\n- Encrypt and decrypt entire directory trees\n- Implement authenticated encryption to detect tampering\n- Handle large files with streaming encryption\n\n## Key Concepts\n\n### AES Modes of Operation\n\n| Mode | Authentication | Parallelizable | Use Case |\n|------|---------------|----------------|----------|\n| GCM  | Yes (AEAD)    | Yes            | Network data, file encryption |\n| CBC  | No            | Decrypt only   | Legacy systems, disk encryption |\n| CTR  | No            | Yes            | Streaming encryption |\n| CCM  | Yes (AEAD)    | No             | IoT, constrained environments |\n\n### Key Derivation\n\nNever use raw passwords as encryption keys. Always derive keys using:\n- **PBKDF2**: NIST-approved, widely supported (minimum 600,000 iterations as of 2024)\n- **Argon2id**: Winner of Password Hashing Competition, memory-hard\n- **scrypt**: Memory-hard, good alternative to Argon2\n\n### Nonce\u002FIV Management\n\n- GCM requires a 96-bit (12-byte) nonce that must NEVER be reused with the same key\n- Generate nonces using `os.urandom()` (CSPRNG)\n- Store nonce alongside ciphertext (it is not secret)\n\n## Workflow\n\n1. Install the `cryptography` library: `pip install cryptography`\n2. Generate or derive an encryption key\n3. Create a random nonce for each encryption operation\n4. Encrypt data using AES-256-GCM with the key and nonce\n5. Store nonce + ciphertext + authentication tag together\n6. For decryption, extract nonce, verify tag, and decrypt\n\n## Encrypted File Format\n\n```\n[salt: 16 bytes][nonce: 12 bytes][ciphertext: variable][tag: 16 bytes]\n```\n\n## Security Considerations\n\n- Always use authenticated encryption (GCM, CCM) to prevent tampering\n- Never reuse a nonce with the same key (catastrophic in GCM)\n- Use at least 256-bit keys for long-term data protection\n- Securely wipe keys from memory after use when possible\n- Rotate encryption keys periodically per organizational policy\n- For disk-level encryption, consider XTS mode (AES-XTS)\n\n## Validation Criteria\n\n- [ ] AES-256-GCM encryption produces valid ciphertext\n- [ ] Decryption recovers original plaintext exactly\n- [ ] Authentication tag detects any ciphertext modification\n- [ ] Key derivation uses sufficient iterations\u002Fparameters\n- [ ] Nonces are never reused for the same key\n- [ ] Large files (>1GB) can be processed via streaming\n- [ ] Encrypted file format includes all necessary metadata\n","# Implementing AES Encryption for Data at Rest\n\n## Overview\n\nAES (Advanced Encryption Standard) is a symmetric block cipher standardized by NIST (FIPS 197) used to protect classified and sensitive data. This skill covers implementing AES-256 encryption in GCM mode for encrypting files and data stores at rest, including proper key derivation, IV\u002Fnonce management, and authenticated encryption.\n\n\n## When to Use\n\n- When deploying or configuring implementing aes encryption for data at rest capabilities in your environment\n- When establishing security controls aligned to compliance requirements\n- When building or improving security architecture for this domain\n- When conducting security assessments that require this implementation\n\n## Prerequisites\n\n- Familiarity with cryptography concepts and tools\n- Access to a test or lab environment for safe execution\n- Python 3.8+ with required dependencies installed\n- Appropriate authorization for any testing activities\n\n## Objectives\n\n- Implement AES-256-GCM encryption and decryption for files\n- Derive encryption keys from passwords using PBKDF2 and Argon2\n- Manage initialization vectors (IVs) and nonces securely\n- Encrypt and decrypt entire directory trees\n- Implement authenticated encryption to detect tampering\n- Handle large files with streaming encryption\n\n## Key Concepts\n\n### AES Modes of Operation\n\n| Mode | Authentication | Parallelizable | Use Case |\n|------|---------------|----------------|----------|\n| GCM  | Yes (AEAD)    | Yes            | Network data, file encryption |\n| CBC  | No            | Decrypt only   | Legacy systems, disk encryption |\n| CTR  | No            | Yes            | Streaming encryption |\n| CCM  | Yes (AEAD)    | No             | IoT, constrained environments |\n\n### Key Derivation\n\nNever use raw passwords as encryption keys. Always derive keys using:\n- **PBKDF2**: NIST-approved, widely supported (minimum 600,000 iterations as of 2024)\n- **Argon2id**: Winner of Password Hashing Competition, memory-hard\n- **scrypt**: Memory-hard, good alternative to Argon2\n\n### Nonce\u002FIV Management\n\n- GCM requires a 96-bit (12-byte) nonce that must NEVER be reused with the same key\n- Generate nonces using `os.urandom()` (CSPRNG)\n- Store nonce alongside ciphertext (it is not secret)\n\n## Workflow\n\n1. Install the `cryptography` library: `pip install cryptography`\n2. Generate or derive an encryption key\n3. Create a random nonce for each encryption operation\n4. Encrypt data using AES-256-GCM with the key and nonce\n5. Store nonce + ciphertext + authentication tag together\n6. For decryption, extract nonce, verify tag, and decrypt\n\n## Encrypted File Format\n\n```\n[salt: 16 bytes][nonce: 12 bytes][ciphertext: variable][tag: 16 bytes]\n```\n\n## Security Considerations\n\n- Always use authenticated encryption (GCM, CCM) to prevent tampering\n- Never reuse a nonce with the same key (catastrophic in GCM)\n- Use at least 256-bit keys for long-term data protection\n- Securely wipe keys from memory after use when possible\n- Rotate encryption keys periodically per organizational policy\n- For disk-level encryption, consider XTS mode (AES-XTS)\n\n## Validation Criteria\n\n- [ ] AES-256-GCM encryption produces valid ciphertext\n- [ ] Decryption recovers original plaintext exactly\n- [ ] Authentication tag detects any ciphertext modification\n- [ ] Key derivation uses sufficient iterations\u002Fparameters\n- [ ] Nonces are never reused for the same key\n- [ ] Large files (>1GB) can be processed via streaming\n- [ ] Encrypted file format includes all necessary 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