Sui

Object Model (Critical Difference)

• Sui uses objects, not accounts — everything is an object with unique ID
• Objects are owned or shared — owned objects enable parallel transactions
• Coins are objects too — SUI balance is sum of coin objects you own
• Object IDs are permanent — address doesn't change but objects move
• Different from Ethereum's account model — requires different mental model

SUI Token

• Native gas token — required for all transactions
• Total supply fixed at creation — no inflation, but distribution ongoing
• Gas fees burned — deflationary pressure
• Staking rewards from fees — validators and delegators earn from gas

Transaction Characteristics

• Sub-second finality — extremely fast confirmation
• Parallel execution for owned objects — independent transactions don't wait
• Gas is predictable — know exact cost before submitting
• Transactions are atomic — all or nothing, no partial execution
• Sponsored transactions possible — someone else pays gas

Address Format

• Addresses start with "0x" — 64 hex characters
• One address per wallet — but many objects owned
• Not the same as Ethereum addresses — different derivation
• Same seed gives different addresses than other chains

Wallet Options

• Sui Wallet (official) — browser extension
• Suiet, Ethos — alternative wallets with good UX
• Ledger support coming — check current status
• Mobile wallets available — Sui Wallet has mobile app

Staking

• Delegate to validators — no minimum to stake
• Epoch-based rewards — epochs are ~24 hours
• Staking locks SUI — but liquid staking options exist
• Choose validators carefully — commission rates vary
• Rewards compound automatically — unless you withdraw

Gas and Fees

• Gas denominated in MIST — 1 SUI = 10^9 MIST
• Gas budget set per transaction — unused gas refunded
• Storage fees separate — pay for object storage
• Gas prices stable — reference gas price updated per epoch
• Very cheap transactions — fractions of a cent

Move Language

• Smart contracts written in Move — not Solidity
• Object-centric programming — different from EVM
• Strong safety guarantees — resources can't be copied or lost
• Abilities system — controls what objects can do
• Package upgrades possible — but original stays on chain

DeFi and NFTs

• Cetus, Turbos for DEX — major decentralized exchanges
• NFTs are objects — natural fit for Sui's model
• Kiosk standard for NFT trading — built-in marketplace primitives
• SuiFrens and other NFT collections — active NFT ecosystem
• Dynamic NFTs easy — objects can change over time

Common Issues

• "Insufficient gas" — need more SUI for transaction
• Object not found — object was consumed or transferred
• Transaction failed — check error message, often gas or permission
• Coins fragmented — many small coin objects, merge them
• Staking delayed — rewards start next epoch after staking

Coin Management

• Coins are separate objects — can have many coin objects
• Merge coins to simplify — combine into fewer objects
• Split coins for exact amounts — needed for some dApps
• Gas paid from one coin object — automatically selected
• Wallet usually manages this — but understand the model

Cross-Chain

• Wormhole bridge available — connect to other chains
• Bridged assets are wrapped — not native on other chains
• Bridge verification important — verify official bridge addresses
• Native USDC coming — Circle deploying natively

Security

• Seed phrase controls everything — standard 12/24 word recovery
• Transaction preview shows effects — review before signing
• dApp permissions matter — revoke unused connections
• Objects can have transfer restrictions — check before assuming transferable
• Verify package addresses — scam dApps exist